England's heavy defeat in Dubai is a 'proper reality check', says coach Andy Flower

"Pakistan certainly outplayed us by a long margin in this Test. We under-performed, poorly," he added. "However, we can come back from this. Is it a real test? Yes it will be.

"There's a day off today, training tomorrow then down to Abu Dhabi to prepare."

As Flower came to terms with his batsmen's collective inability to deal first with Saeed Ajmal's off-spin and then Umar Gul's pace, he was consoled by England's previous reactions to adversity.

In his first Test in charge in Jamaica, they were bowled out for 51 in their second innings to lose by an innings - yet within six months were Ashes winners.

In that same summer, of 2009, England lost inside three days to Australia at Headingley but clinched the urn in the next match at The Oval - and just over a year ago, they were trounced in Perth but again hit back for historic wins in Melbourne and Sydney.

Asked whether his team face their toughest challenge yet here, against fast-improving Pakistan, he said: "I'm not sure it's a bigger test.

"Beating Australia in Australia was a big test."

Flower warns nonetheless that, although England can draw confidence from their own track record, they will not dwell on former glories.

"This team has done great things in the recent past, but you have to move on from the past and live in the present - and this is a very good indication that you have to live in the present," he said.

Ajmal's match figures of 10 for 97 have taken him up from 12th to third in the International Cricket Council's Test rankings, deposing England's Graeme Swann - a fellow off-spinner - as the world's best slow bowler.

England's team director Andy Flower stirs up debate over Pakistan's Saeed Ajmal's controversial bowling action

For its part the ICC has received no official complaint over Ajmal’s action, from the match referee or the umpires. Billy Bowden, who stood in this Test, was the man who first reported Ajmal after a one-day international against Australia on April 24, 2009.

Tested by the ICC’s Panel of Human Movement at the University of Western Australia in Perth, Ajmal was cleared a month later. The report, by Professor Bruce Elliott, revealed that all his deliveries were tested and all came within the 15-degree tolerance permitted under ICC regulations. But, as the document made clear, there were caveats to him being allowed to continue bowling in international cricket.

“The effect cannot be to clear him without limitation in the future,” said the ICC report. “The effect of Prof Elliott’s findings is simply to confirm that Saeed is capable of bowling with an action which complies with ICC regulations.”

It also confirms that, along with all bowlers, “the match officials will use the naked eye to determine whether Ajmal’s action complies with the laws,” noting that the permitted degree of elbow extension of 15 degrees is set at the point at which such extension will become noticeable to the naked eye. “Accordingly, any degree of extension which is visible to the naked eye must and will be reported.”

Commenting on the results at the time, David Richardson, the ICC general manager (cricket), said: “Saeed Ajmal can continue to bowl in international cricket on the basis he uses an action consistent to that used in the latest independent analysis of his action. However, it is important to emphasise that no bowler is ever cleared, as it is impossible to predict how a player might deliver the ball in the future.”

Richardson is a former Test player and he knows that a bowler’s action is only as clean as their last ball. The problem with the ICC’s protocol is that bowlers can ease back in the laboratory in a way they would not do when straining to take wickets in a match. To be meaningful, measurements have to be made in situ and that has only been attempted once, during the 2004 Champions Trophy.

While that kind of official analysis will not take place during this series, England’s batsmen have to find ways of nullifying Ajmal before the second Test begins on Wednesday. After enjoying a day off on Friday and a travelling day to Abu Dhabi tomorrow, they have three days to find solutions.

“I don’t want to pretend that scoring Test runs is an easy thing, but in this instance we badly underperformed with the bat,” said Flower. “Even though the ball wasn’t turning much we didn’t deal with it skilfully and made poor decisions. We made it look harder than it was, to be quite frank.”

Flower was a brilliant player of spin who played almost half his Tests on the subcontinent. Unlike his charges though, he didn’t have the Decision Review System to contend with, a process that has doubled the number of lbws and changed many a batting technique, not least Kevin Pietersen’s.

“I think the very fine players of spin have generally played spinners with their bat and not with their pad anyway and that hasn’t changed with DRS,” said Flower. “There have been great spin bowlers for a very long time. The skill is always to pick the amount of spin and also the length and move your feet accordingly. Nothing fundamental has changed.”

ICC top 10 test bowlers

1 Dale Steyn South Africa 896pts

2 James Anderson England 799

3 Saeed Ajmal Pakistan 762

4 Graeme Swann England 752

5 Stuart Broad England 737

6 Peter Siddle Australia 736

7 Ben Hilfenhaus Australia 718

8 Morne Morkel South Africa 715

9 Zaheer Khan India 705

10 Shakib Al Hasan Ban’desh 678

England's challenge is in their minds as well as with their technique

Make the doosra a scoring opportunity

The safest method is to play dead straight for 30 or 40 balls. Jonathan Trott did exactly that in the second innings. He started to read Ajmal’s off-spinner and hit it through the on side and then the ‘doosra’ he drove to mid-off and extra cover.

If you can pick the doosra it is actually a chance to score runs because there are not many fielders on the off side so you can play with the spin away from the right-hander and hit with the turn, almost as you would a leg break. That is the challenge. Can they stay in? If they do then they will read Ajmal and start scoring off him.

Unfortunately it is a big if.

Clear the mind

You can’t train to play against the likes of Ajmal in the nets. He is unique. In Australia last winter we could replicate the angles and lengths of Siddle, Johnson and Hilfenhaus and work out where to score runs. When you face bowlers such as Gul and Ajmal they bowl balls you’ve never seen before.

There is not a bowling machine in the world that can produce a ‘doosra’ or reverse swing with a high upright seam like Gul so it is about how you react in the middle.

Everyone will say get in the nets and work hard but I think they should be given a couple of days off. This challenge is in the mind as much as it is in the technique. I don’t see any massive technical faults with the England players. I just think they are not picking Ajmal.

If you can’t pick him then the bowler at the other end becomes more threatening because your mindset is on Ajmal. The others then nip in and get you out. Gul did that in the second innings.

Eyes on Cook and Strauss

We have seen over their last two years how Alastair Cook and Andrew Strauss cut for four and play flicks and pulls off the hips early on in their innings. Those strokes are out of the equation here so you have to work out new ways of taking control. That sends a message to the dressing room.

Even though they only survived for a handful of overs in Dubai it was clear they did not look comfortable. That has to change in Abu Dhabi. They have to find new ways of scoring runs because when England bat again all eyes will be on them to set the tone. They have to show us how England are going to score 350.

Does KP hook or duck?

Pakistan’s plan was brilliant against Kevin Pietersen. They worked on his ego. He was on nought in the second innings so they stuck a man out on the hook knowing he would take it on. Do you know what? Next week they will do the same thing again. But they are clever. They will mix it up. As soon as he gets to the crease Gul will bowl full, straight on his legs or bounce him.

The problem Kevin has is does he hook or duck? If he ducks his head he will start leaning over to the off side making him vulnerable to lbw if Gul goes full and straight. If he hooks and lobs it up in the air he will again bear the brunt of criticism. Pietersen is a fantastic player but he can’t have two bad Tests in a row. He just needs to score runs. I don’t care how he does it.

Pick Monty and play the DRS

The only change I can envisage is Monty Panesar for Chris Tremlett. Monty will get tighter to the stumps and if he hits the pad he will have Decision Review System on his side because the Pakistan boys play across their front pad quite a lot making them susceptible to lbw.

England also know Trott can give them 10 overs with a spinner-style field to keep the runs down to three an over. They can’t change the batting order. Eoin Morgan made a hundred a couple of Tests ago. It is a shame for the bowlers because the loss was nothing to do with them but Monty offers another option.

Prove you want to be great

We hear England are really excited about the challenge of building a legacy and want to improve all the time. Well the next Test in Abu Dhabi will test those sentiments.

I don’t remember the great Australian side, which England aspire to emulate, being hammered the way we were in the first Test. That will be the voice in Andrew Strauss’s head. He will not want his team to be known as a poor subcontinent team. They have won the Ashes and earned the right to be No 1 but the work is not over yet.

England's batsmen must get their heads around spin ahead of Pakistan Test series, says Graham Gooch

Pakistan are likely to play three spinners when the Test series starts next week and, after three innings of the tour so far, England’s batsmen, apart from Cook, are looking rusty.

"One or two players are disappointed, quite rightly, as they like to get time in the middle but it is not the time to panic. It matters to the individual if he has not spent much time in the middle as you get your rhythm and confidence from scoring runs.

"You can have as many nets as you like, and that is important, but you don’t get that feelgood factor unless you get them in the middle. They will be a bit concerned that they would like more time out there but we know this happens and it is not time to start changing way you think. You have to believe in yourself."

Cook continued the fabulous form of 2011 with England’s first century of the year, eventually faling for 133 off 260 balls.

Kevin Pietersen batted for 75 minutes for 38, but the rest of the middle order faded. Eoin Morgan was out for 11 following scores of one and three in the first match. Jonathan Trott fell for a duck padding up and Ian Bell also made nought.

"The batting unit has worked well in the past," said Gooch. "They have to stay strong mentally. You don’t become a bad player over a couple of innings.

"The two bowlers who got wickets today bowled pretty well and what was good for us is this pitch is behaving like the conditions we think we are going to get - attiritional cricket, and you have to work hard for your runs and even harder for your wickets.

"That is the style of play required that our team have get to get their heads around."

England's Alastair Cook shows recipe for success ahead of Pakistan series in Dubai

Contrast that with Jonathan Trott’s hesitancy at shouldering arms to Talha, which resulted in him being given out lbw for nought, and Ian Bell’s impatient sweep at Yasir, which also led to him being lbw for a duck, and it was obvious which worked best.

Cook was not flawless and enjoyed two lives, a caught and bowled off Talha when 84, and another in the gully just before Talha, who has played one Test for Pakistan, got him to edge to the keeper.

But otherwise his was the road map England must follow if they are to make competitive totals in these conditions, something later confirmed by Graham Gooch, England’s batting coach.

“The players have to stay strong mentally,” said Gooch.

“You don’t become a bad player over a couple of innings. The two bowlers who got wickets today bowled pretty well. But what was good for us is this pitch is behaving like the conditions we think we are going to get.

"We expect attritional cricket where you have to work hard for your runs and even harder for your wickets. That is the style of play required that our team have get to get their heads around.”

Talha, 23, worked up a good pace with the new ball, twice beating Strauss for speed early on.

His efforts were rewarded in his fourth over, when England’s captain offered a tentative forward defensive and the ball flew to Sarfraz Ahmad, the keeper, off the inside edge. Three balls later Trott followed, his failure to offer a shot a misjudgment borne of Talha’s impressive speed.

Pietersen, out of sorts in the last match, looked more assertive on Wednesday. His travails against left-arm spin appear to be related to whether he is prepared to play off the back foot or not.

Pietersen’s default setting against spin is to lunge forward, but when done on slow pitches this reduces his run-scoring options drastically.

Getting bogged down then cranks up anxiety levels to the point where a big shot, which comes with extra risk, seems to be the only option.

Playing back gives you more time to see how much the ball is turning and to place it better for singles and twos. Trouble is, having done it well enough to reach 38, he was then bowled by Yasir stepping back to give himself room to cut backwards of square.

Bell, by contrast, is usually a good player of spin but he appears too obsessed with dominating bowlers from the start. Gooch has set him the task of being the best batsman in the world but when conditions are as benign as they are here, you need to sit in the game longer before playing the fancy paddle sweep that have so far brought about his undoing in two of his three innings here.

The same criticism could broadly be levelled at Eoin Morgan, though he perished playing a more rustic shot than Bell, his lofted sweep off Yasir finding Raza Hussain at deep square leg.

Yasir, a short wrist-spinner with admirable control, was getting some slow turn, but nothing so alarming to require raising the risk level to that extent.

Some bat flailing from Graeme Swann allowed England to declare and get 30 minutes bowling at the PCB XI, enough time for Prior, who made 46 of the 90-run partnership he shared with Cook, to drop left-hander Afiq Rahim, off Swann.

With Monty Panesar playing as well, and with Steven Finn left out despite the resting of James Anderson and Stuart Broad (replaced by Chris Tremlett and Graham Onions), England have moved away from the three seamers and one spinner attack that has served them so well over the past two and half years.

Whether we can read too much into it, other than it is a shoot-out between Finn, Tremlett and Onions for the third seamer’s spot, is unclear, as bowling resources will not be as stretched over three days as five.

Tim Bresnan ruled out of England's tour against Pakistan with elbow injury

"That means he's unable to play any part in the Test series, so he's flying home."

Onions is with England already, having been added as cover because of what were thought minor injury concerns hanging over Bresnan among others. The Durham seamer will therefore be officially added to the squad. England must nonetheless rethink their gameplan, in the absence of first-choice seamer Bresnan.

Strauss added: "We're all gutted for him, because it's come from left-field. It's surprised him and us."

The captain reported mixed news on England's other injury niggles.

Graeme Swann, who did not take the field today because of tightness in a leg muscle, is to be sent to hospital for a precautionary scan.

Strauss is confident the off-spinner's condition is not too much cause for concern, however.

Fast bowler Chris Tremlett, ruled out of the opening tour match because of an eye infection, is to see the doctor tonight.

But wicketkeeper Matt Prior, who bruised the ring finger of his left hand on the day before this first fixture, will be fit to play in the second against a PCB XI at the same GCA ground venue on Wednesday.

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